UNESCO provides protection for great cultural institutions. Mention any two ways in which it works towards the preservation of cultural heritage.

(1) It identifies and designates places of outstanding universal value as World Heritage Sites, and provides technical and financial help for their protection, restoration and maintenance — as with the temples of Abu Simbel in Egypt and the monuments at Borobudur. (2) It promotes the preservation of museums, libraries, archives, historical monuments and works of art, encourages the study of different cultures, and works against the illegal export and trade in cultural property.

One mark each. Naming the World Heritage programme is the single strongest point, and giving one named site makes it concrete. Fix the full form: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, with headquarters at Paris. Its three fields are in the name itself, which is a useful way to remember the range of its work.