Explain briefly the reason for the suspension of this particular movement by Gandhi in 1922.

The movement was suspended because of the CHAURI CHAURA INCIDENT.

On 5 February 1922, at Chauri Chaura in Gorakhpur district of the United Provinces, a procession of Congress volunteers was fired upon by the police. The enraged mob turned on the police station, set it on fire and killed 22 policemen inside.

Gandhiji was deeply distressed. His movement rested on NON-VIOLENCE, and the incident convinced him that the people had not yet learned the discipline that satyagraha demanded. Rather than let the struggle turn violent, he withdrew it at once — to the dismay of leaders such as Motilal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose, who felt the movement was at its height.

Three marks: name the incident, describe it, and explain Gandhiji’s reasoning. The third element is where the marks are won. The suspension makes sense only in the light of Gandhiji’s absolute commitment to non-violence — for him a violent movement was worse than no movement at all. The date, 5 February 1922, and the figure of 22 policemen make the answer precise. Noting that other leaders disagreed shows you understand the controversy.