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2017Q2(d)National Movement: 1919-1934 (Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement and Other Forces at Work)
DefinitionModerate2 marks
2

Answer briefly each of the questions (a) to (j):

What was the Khilafat Movement?

Topic: The Khilafat Movement

Previous-year question practice database

Answer

Exam answer

The Khilafat Movement was a protest launched by Indian Muslims in 1919 against the harsh treatment of TURKEY after the First World War. By the Treaty of Sevres the Turkish Empire was dismembered and the Sultan of Turkey — who was regarded as the KHALIFA, the religious head of the Muslim world — was stripped of his authority.

It was led by the ALI BROTHERS (Maulana Mohammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali). Gandhiji supported the cause and merged it with his Non-Cooperation Movement, making it the first great joint Hindu-Muslim struggle against British rule.

Explanation

Two marks: the grievance and the leadership, or the grievance and its link with Non-Cooperation. The word KHALIFA must be explained — that the Sultan was the religious head of Muslims worldwide is what made this a religious grievance rather than a foreign-policy one. The Gandhian connection is the reason it appears in this syllabus at all, so mention it.

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