Select the correct answers to the questions from the given options. (Do not copy the questions, write the correct answer only.)
Observe the following picture, identify the defect and the cause of the defect.
Topic: Exophthalmic goitre
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Pick an option and check your answer. The full worked answer is below either way.
Answer
(b) Ex-ophthalmic goitre, over secretion of thyroxine..
The picture shows BULGING EYEBALLS together with a swollen neck, which identifies EXOPHTHALMIC GOITRE (Graves’ disease), caused by the OVER-secretion of thyroxine.
THE TWO GOITRES, and the single feature that separates them: SIMPLE GOITRE — UNDER-secretion of thyroxine, usually from a lack of iodine in the diet. The thyroid enlarges into a swelling in the neck. The eyes are NORMAL. EXOPHTHALMIC GOITRE — OVER-secretion. Swollen neck AND PROTRUDING EYEBALLS, with a raised metabolic rate, weight loss and a rapid heartbeat.
So the EYES decide it. Both conditions swell the neck, and a student who looks only at the neck cannot tell them apart.
The name says so too: EX-OPHTHALMIC means "eyes outward" (ophthalmic = of the eye). Reading the term answers half the question.
When a picture-based question asks you to identify a defect, look for the feature that only ONE of the options can explain.
Ex-ophthalmic goitre, over secretion of thyroxine..