Mohit, a 30-year-old man was a software professional leading a sedentary life. He showed signs of high blood sugar during a routine health check-up despite having a normal body weight.
Name the hormone responsible for this disorder.
Topic: Insulin
Answer
INSULIN.
Insulin is the hormone that LOWERS blood glucose. It does so in two ways: it makes the muscle and fat cells take glucose in from the blood, and it makes the liver convert the excess into GLYCOGEN for storage.
When insulin is deficient or the cells resist it, neither happens, so glucose accumulates in the blood (hyperglycaemia) and eventually spills into the urine (glycosuria).
THE PARTNER HORMONE, which questions often pair with this one: GLUCAGON does the opposite, RAISING blood glucose by making the liver break glycogen back down into glucose. Both come from the pancreas, and the balance between them is what keeps blood sugar steady — a standard example of hormonal antagonism.