Mohit, a 30-year-old man was a software professional leading a sedentary life. He showed signs of high blood sugar during a routine health check-up despite having a normal body weight.
Name the hormonal disorder he is suffering from.
Topic: Diabetes mellitus
Answer
DIABETES MELLITUS (Type 2).
High blood sugar is the defining sign of diabetes mellitus. In Type 2 the pancreas still makes insulin, but the body’s cells stop responding to it properly — insulin resistance — so glucose stays in the blood instead of entering the cells.
THE DETAIL THE QUESTION PLANTS: "despite having a normal body weight". Obesity is the risk factor students associate with Type 2 diabetes, and the examiner has deliberately removed it to see whether you will still reach the right answer. A SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE is itself a risk factor, independent of weight.
THE NAME TO GET RIGHT: diabetes MELLITUS, not diabetes insipidus. They are entirely different disorders that share only a name: DIABETES MELLITUS — too little insulin or resistance to it; sugar in the urine. (Mellitus means honey-sweet.) DIABETES INSIPIDUS — too little ADH from the posterior pituitary; enormous volumes of dilute urine, but NO sugar. (Insipidus means tasteless.) The words themselves tell you which is which.