Match the items given in Column I with most appropriate ones in Column II and rewrite the correct matching pairs:
Column I: (a) Hyposecretion of Thyroxine in adults (b) Hyposecretion of Insulin (c) Hypersecretion of growth hormone in childhood (d) Hyposecretion of ADH (e) Hypersecretion of Thyroxine Column II: 1. Diabetes insipidus 2. Myxedema 3. Dwarfism 4. Gigantism 5. Diabetes mellitus 6. Exophthalmic goitre 7. Cretinism
Topic: Endocrine disorders
Answer
(a) Hyposecretion of Thyroxine in adults – 2. Myxedema (b) Hyposecretion of Insulin – 5. Diabetes mellitus (c) Hypersecretion of growth hormone in childhood – 4. Gigantism (d) Hyposecretion of ADH – 1. Diabetes insipidus (e) Hypersecretion of Thyroxine – 6. Exophthalmic goitre
Seven options for five items — two are distractors, and both are there for a reason.
WATCH THE AGE in items (a) and (c). The same deficiency produces different disorders at different ages:
lack of thyroxine in CHILDREN → CRETINISM (option 7, the distractor)
lack of thyroxine in ADULTS → MYXOEDEMA
Item (a) says ADULTS, so the answer is myxoedema.
WATCH THE DIRECTION in items (c) and (e). HYPER- means too much, HYPO- means too little:
EXCESS growth hormone in childhood → GIGANTISM
DEFICIENT growth hormone in childhood → DWARFISM (option 3, the other distractor)
Item (c) says hypersecretion, so gigantism.
THE TWO DIABETES share a name and nothing else: MELLITUS is a lack of INSULIN (sugar in the urine); INSIPIDUS is a lack of ADH (huge volumes of dilute urine, no sugar).
So this one question tests three separate distinctions — age, direction, and the two diabetes. Read each item completely before matching.