Complete the table:
Complete the following table: | Name of the Hormone | Endocrine Gland | Function | | (i) | (ii) | Deposits extra glucose of blood as glycogen | | Growth Hormone | (iii) | (iv) | | (v) | Thyroid | (vi) | | (vii) | (viii) | Prepare body for any emergency | | Oxytocin | (ix) | (x) |
Topic: Hormones, glands and functions
Answer
(i) INSULIN (ii) PANCREAS (islets of Langerhans) (iii) PITUITARY GLAND (anterior lobe) (iv) Controls the GROWTH of the body — of the bones, muscles and other tissues (v) THYROXINE (vi) Regulates the BASAL METABOLIC RATE and controls physical and mental development (vii) ADRENALINE (viii) ADRENAL GLAND (medulla) (ix) PITUITARY GLAND (posterior lobe) (x) Causes CONTRACTION OF THE UTERUS during childbirth and the ejection of milk
Half a mark per blank. Work along each row, using whichever cell is already filled as the clue.
ROW 1 — the function "deposits extra glucose as glycogen" is INSULIN’s, from the PANCREAS. Its partner GLUCAGON does the reverse.
ROW 2 — GROWTH HORMONE comes from the ANTERIOR pituitary. Excess in childhood gives GIGANTISM, deficiency gives DWARFISM, and excess in adulthood gives ACROMEGALY.
ROW 3 — the THYROID secretes THYROXINE, which sets the metabolic rate. Deficiency gives cretinism in children and myxoedema in adults; excess gives exophthalmic goitre.
ROW 4 — "prepare the body for any emergency" is the standard description of ADRENALINE, the fight-or-flight hormone, from the ADRENAL MEDULLA.
ROW 5 — OXYTOCIN comes from the POSTERIOR pituitary. NOTE THIS CAREFULLY: the posterior lobe releases only TWO hormones, oxytocin and ADH, so anything else named as pituitary must be anterior.