The diagram given below is that of a structure present in a human kidney. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: The diagram given below is that of a structure present in a human kidney. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
Name the substance which may be present in the fluid in part ‘2’ if a person suffers from Diabetes mellitus.
Topic: Glucose in the urine
Answer
GLUCOSE (sugar). Ketones may also be present.
Normally urine contains NO glucose at all, because ALL of it is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.
IN DIABETES MELLITUS the blood glucose is so high that the filtrate carries more than the tubule can recover. The excess passes on and appears in the urine — a condition called GLYCOSURIA.
THE NAME RECORDS IT: MELLITUS means honey-sweet, and physicians once diagnosed the disease by the sweetness of the urine. Contrast DIABETES INSIPIDUS — insipidus meaning tasteless — where the urine is copious but contains no sugar at all.
The glucose also drags WATER with it osmotically, which is why excessive urination and thirst are the classic symptoms.