Column A: (i) Cretinism (ii) Diabetes insipidus (iii) Exophthalmic Goitre (iv) Adrenal virilism (v) Dwarfism Column B: (a) Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex (b) Hyposecretion of Thyroxine (c) Hyposecretion of growth hormone (d) Hyposecretion of Vasopressin (e) Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex (f) Hypersecretion of Growth hormone (g) Hypersecretion of Thyroxine

(i) Cretinism — (b) Hyposecretion of Thyroxine (ii) Diabetes insipidus — (d) Hyposecretion of Vasopressin (iii) Exophthalmic Goitre — (g) Hypersecretion of Thyroxine (iv) Adrenal virilism — (a) Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex (v) Dwarfism — (c) Hyposecretion of growth hormone

Column B has SEVEN options for FIVE items, so two are distractors.

EVERY OPTION IS A HORMONE PAIRED WITH A DIRECTION, so the question is really testing two things at once: which hormone, and HYPER or HYPO. Decide the direction first — it halves the list immediately.

CRETINISM — too LITTLE thyroxine, in CHILDREN. (In ADULTS the same deficiency gives MYXOEDEMA — the age decides which.) DIABETES INSIPIDUS — too LITTLE vasopressin (ADH), so water is not reabsorbed and huge volumes of dilute urine are passed. EXOPHTHALMIC GOITRE — too MUCH thyroxine. Note that this is the OPPOSITE direction to cretinism, though both involve the same hormone and both swell the neck. The BULGING EYES are what separate them. ADRENAL VIRILISM — too MUCH androgen from the adrenal CORTEX, so a female develops male characteristics. DWARFISM — too LITTLE growth hormone in childhood. (Too MUCH gives GIGANTISM — option (f), the distractor.)

The two leftover options, (e) and (f), are each the OPPOSITE of a correct answer. That is how these questions are built.