Skip to content
ICSE Question Bank
2019Q4(a)(iii)The Excretory System
Short answerModerate1 mark
4(a)

The diagram given below represents an organ system in the human body. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: The diagram given below represents an organ system in the human body. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

Figure for this question

Name the structural and functional units of the part marked 1.

Topic: Nephron

Previous-year question practice database

Answer

Exam answer

Part 1 is the KIDNEY. Its structural and functional units are the NEPHRONS (uriniferous tubules) — about a million in each kidney.

Explanation

The NEPHRON is the smallest part of the kidney that can carry out the whole job of forming urine — which is what "structural and functional unit" means.

Each nephron consists of the MALPIGHIAN CAPSULE (Bowman’s capsule plus glomerulus) and the RENAL TUBULE with its proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubule.

Compare the NEURON, the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. The two words look alike and papers ask you to distinguish them — nePHron for the kidney, neUron for the nerve.

More from The Excretory System

A person suffering from kidney failure has proteins in the urine. What is this condition called?2026Urochrome, Urea, Uric acid, Nucleic acid2026Match each structure of the kidney shown in the diagram with its function: Renal Medulla, Renal Cortex, Renal Artery, Renal Vein, Pelvis, Ureter (a) Has Malpighian capsules (b) Carries oxygenated blood (c) Transports urine to the urinary bladder (d) Has Henle’s loops (e) Carries deoxygenated blood (f) Receives urine which flows into the ureter2026Name the structure that regulates the flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the urethra.2026What is Micturition? Explain.2025Differentiate between the functions of Urethra and Uterus.2025