The influence of the Western Education

(1) Western education introduced Indians to the ideas of LIBERTY, EQUALITY, DEMOCRACY AND NATIONALISM through the writings of Locke, Rousseau, Mill and Voltaire, and through the history of the American and French Revolutions and the unification of Italy and Germany. Educated Indians began to ask why these principles were denied to them. (2) ENGLISH became a common language for educated Indians of every province, so that leaders from Bengal, Bombay and Madras could correspond, meet and organise together — without it an all-India movement would scarcely have been possible. (3) It created an EDUCATED MIDDLE CLASS of lawyers, teachers, journalists and doctors who provided the leadership of the national movement; and, finding the higher posts in the administration closed to them, their frustration turned them against British rule.

One mark per point. Cover three different effects — the ideas themselves, English as a link language, and the creation of a leadership class. The irony is the point examiners most like to see stated: the British introduced Western education to produce clerks for their administration, and it produced instead the men who overthrew them. Naming the thinkers and revolutions makes the first point concrete rather than general.