Explain briefly any four 'Executive Powers' of the President.

(1) All executive action of the Union Government is taken IN HIS NAME, and the rules for the transaction of its business are made by him. (2) He APPOINTS the Prime Minister and, on his advice, the other ministers, and may remove them; he also administers the oath of office to them. (3) He appoints the GOVERNORS of the States, the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, the Attorney General, the Comptroller and Auditor General, the Chief Election Commissioner and the members of the Union Public Service Commission. (4) He administers the UNION TERRITORIES through administrators appointed by him, appoints Ambassadors and High Commissioners to other countries and receives those sent to India, and is the SUPREME COMMANDER of the Armed Forces.

Four marks, four powers, one mark each. Keep strictly to EXECUTIVE powers — summoning Parliament and issuing Ordinances are LEGISLATIVE, and Money Bills and the Budget are FINANCIAL. Appointments are the heart of the executive power, so name specific offices rather than saying "he makes appointments". Close with the constitutional reality: all these powers are exercised on the advice of the Council of Ministers, which is why he is called the nominal head.