Mention any two contributions of the INA to the National Movement.

(1) It carried the freedom struggle ONTO THE BATTLEFIELD, proving that Indians would fight for independence with arms. It hoisted the Indian flag on liberated soil at Moirang in Manipur, and its Provisional Government of Azad Hind was recognised by several countries. (2) The INA TRIALS at the Red Fort in 1945-46 roused the whole country. Public sympathy for the accused cut across community lines, and the unrest spread to the Indian armed forces themselves — the Royal Indian Navy mutiny of 1946 followed — convincing the British that they could no longer rely on Indian troops to hold India.

One mark each. The second point is the more important historically, and it is the one candidates most often miss: the INA’s greatest effect came not from its battles but from its TRIALS, which showed the British that even the army was no longer dependable. Moirang and the RIN mutiny of 1946 are the two concrete details that make the answer strong.