Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.
He jumped up. He ran away.
Topic: Synthesis — participial phrase
Try it
Pick an option and check your answer. The full worked answer is below either way.
Answer
(b) Jumping up, he ran away..
The two actions happen in immediate succession, and the neatest way of joining them without a conjunction is a PARTICIPIAL PHRASE: "Jumping up, he ran away."
Why the others are weaker: (a) uses "before", which is correct but clumsy and separates two actions that belong together. (c) is grammatically acceptable but changes the emphasis and drops the "up". (d) introduces CAUSE — he ran away BECAUSE he jumped — which is not what the original says. Jumping up did not cause the running.
THE PRINCIPLE: when two actions by the same subject follow one another immediately, the present participle ("-ing") is the standard combination. When one clearly finishes before the other begins, use the perfect participle ("Having jumped up, he ran away").
Jumping up, he ran away..