Mention any two objectives of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

1. To eliminate OPEN DEFECATION by constructing household and community toilets, and so improve sanitation and public health.
2. To achieve scientific SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT — segregation of waste at source, recycling, composting and safe disposal — and to create public awareness about cleanliness.

Two objectives, one mark each, and they should be different in kind — one about sanitation, one about waste.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (the Clean India Mission) was launched on 2 October 2014, Mahatma Gandhi’s birth anniversary, with the aim of a clean India by 2019, his 150th.

WHY OPEN DEFECATION MATTERS biologically, which is what makes this a Biology question rather than a civics one: it contaminates soil and water sources with pathogens, spreading cholera, typhoid, dysentery and worm infestations, and it is a major cause of infant mortality.