State two harmful effects of acid rain on the environment.

1. It ACIDIFIES lakes and rivers, killing fish and aquatic life, and leaches essential minerals from the soil so that plants and forests die.
2. It CORRODES buildings and monuments of marble and limestone — the damage to the Taj Mahal being the standard example — and corrodes metal structures and statues.

Two effects, one mark each, and they should be different in kind: one on living things, one on materials.

Acid rain forms when oxides of SULPHUR and NITROGEN, released by burning fossil fuels, dissolve in atmospheric moisture to make sulphuric and nitric acids, falling as rain of pH below 5.6.

The corrosion of marble has a name worth using: STONE LEPROSY. Industries around Agra were restricted precisely to protect the Taj Mahal.