Biological termModerate0.6 marks
4(a)(ii)
Based on the diagram drawn above in (i) give a suitable term for each of the following descriptions:
The structure that maintains dynamic equilibrium of the body.
Topic: Semicircular canals
Previous-year question practice database
Answer
Exam answer
The SEMICIRCULAR CANALS.
Explanation
DYNAMIC equilibrium is the balance of the body IN MOTION — during turning, spinning or a sudden change of direction.
The three canals lie in three planes at RIGHT ANGLES, so movement in any direction disturbs the ENDOLYMPH in at least one of them. Sensory cells in the swollen base of each canal (the AMPULLA) detect that movement of fluid and report it to the brain.
THIS EXPLAINS DIZZINESS after spinning: the fluid keeps moving for a moment after you stop, so the canals report a turn that the eyes contradict — and the mismatch is what makes you feel giddy.
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