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ICSE Question Bank
2016Q1(a)(iii)The Circulatory System
Biological termHard1 mark
1(a)

Name the following:

The immunity acquired by providing readymade antibodies from outside for treating certain infectious diseases.

Topic: Passive immunity

Previous-year question practice database

Answer

Exam answer

PASSIVE IMMUNITY.

Explanation

The words READYMADE ANTIBODIES FROM OUTSIDE decide this. In PASSIVE immunity the body receives antibodies it did not make itself.

THE CONTRAST to hold: ACTIVE immunity — the body MAKES ITS OWN antibodies, after an infection or a VACCINATION. Slow to develop but LONG-LASTING, because the body remembers the antigen. PASSIVE immunity — antibodies are RECEIVED ready-made, as in an ANTISERUM injection after a snake bite or tetanus, or naturally from the mother’s milk and across the placenta. IMMEDIATE but SHORT-LIVED, because no memory is formed.

THE TRADE-OFF is the point: passive immunity is used when there is no time to wait for the body to respond — which is exactly why the question says "for TREATING" rather than for preventing.

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