Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: "This is your teacher today. He’s going to show you all sorts of things." With that the headmaster introduced a new teacher. Totto-chan took a good look at him but he wasn’t dressed like a teacher at all. He wore a striped cotton jacket and he had a towel hanging around his neck. His trousers were of dyed cotton and were full of patches. Instead of shoes, he wore thick socks, while on his head was a rather dilapidated straw hat. The children were all assembled by the pond at the temple. As she stared at the teacher, Totto-chan thought that she had seen him before. "Where?" she wondered. His kindly face was sunburnt and full of wrinkles. She suddenly remembered! "Aren’t you the farmer who works in the field by the stream?" she asked him, delighted. "That’s right," said the ‘teacher’, with a smile wrinkling up his face. "You pass my place every time you go to the village!" "Wow! So you’re going to be our teacher today," cried the children excitedly. "No!" said the man, waving his hand in front of his face. "I’m not a teacher! I’m just a farmer. Your headmaster just asked me to do it, that’s all." "Oh yes, he is, he’s your farming teacher," said the headmaster, standing beside him. "He very kindly agreed to teach you how to plant a field." At an elementary school, anyone who taught the children anything would probably have to have teaching qualifications, but the headmaster didn’t worry about things like that. He thought it important for children to learn by actually seeing things done. "Let’s begin then," said the farming teacher. The farming teacher told the children to get spades and other tools from the car and started them on weeding. He told them all about weeds: how hardy they were; how some grew faster than crops and hid the sun from them; how weeds were good hiding places for bad insects; and how weeds could be a nuisance by taking all the nourishment from the soil. He taught them one thing after another. And while he talked, his hands never stopped pulling out weeds. The children did the same. Then the teacher showed them how to dig, how to make furrows; how to spread fertilizer; and everything else you had to do to grow things in a field, explaining as he demonstrated. A little snake put its head out and very nearly bit the hand of Ta-chan, one of the older boys, but the farming teacher reassured him, "The snakes here are not poisonous, and they won’t hurt you if you don’t hurt them." Besides teaching the children how to plant a field, the farming teacher told them interesting things about insects, birds, and butterflies, about the weather, and about all sorts of other things. [Adapted from ‘Totto-chan - The Little Girl at the Window’ by Tetsuko Kuroyanagi]
In not more than 50 words, give an account of what the farmer taught the children that day.
Topic: Summary writing
Answer
MODEL ANSWER (50 words)
The farmer set the children weeding and explained how hardy weeds are, how they shade crops, shelter harmful insects and rob the soil. Demonstrating as he spoke, he showed them digging, making furrows and spreading fertilizer. He also taught them about snakes, insects, birds, butterflies and the weather.
THE POINTS THE CONTENT MARKS ARE COUNTED AGAINST
- he started them on weeding
- weeds are hardy
- some grow faster than crops and hide the sun from them
- weeds hide harmful insects
- weeds take the nourishment from the soil
- he showed them how to dig
- how to make furrows
- how to spread fertilizer
- he demonstrated while explaining
- snakes there are not poisonous and will not attack unless hurt
- insects, birds and butterflies
- the weather
Twelve points and fifty words — which is the whole skill of this question. You cannot include all twelve in sentences, so you must COMPRESS: "how they shade crops, shelter harmful insects and rob the soil" carries three points in eleven words.
WHAT TO LEAVE OUT: everything about the teacher’s clothes, Totto-chan recognising him, the headmaster’s views on qualifications. All are in the passage; none answers the question, which asks only what he TAUGHT.
COUNT YOUR WORDS. Anything past fifty is not read. MARKS DIVISION AND METHOD: see "Summary writing" in the Writing Formats & Marking (Reference) chapter.