Give the output of the following program segment. How many times is the loop executed? for(x = 10; x > 20; x++) System.out.println(x); System.out.println(x * 2);

20

The loop is executed 0 times.

Test the condition before anything else. x starts at 10, and the condition asks whether x > 20. Since 10 is not greater than 20, the condition is false at the very first test and the loop body never runs — a for loop is entry-controlled, so zero executions is perfectly possible. The second println is OUTSIDE the loop (only the first statement belongs to a loop without braces), so it still runs, printing 10 * 2 = 20. Contrast this with a do-while, which would have printed 10 once before discovering the condition was false. That contrast is what the question is really testing.