Explain the direction of growth shown by the shoot and the root.

The SHOOT grows UPWARDS, towards light and against gravity, so that its leaves are held in the light for PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

The ROOT grows DOWNWARDS, with gravity and away from light, so that it penetrates the soil to ANCHOR the plant and to ABSORB water and minerals.

The question says EXPLAIN, so give the PURPOSE of each direction, not merely the direction itself.

The whole arrangement is an adaptation: a plant cannot move, so its only way of reaching what it needs is to GROW towards it. Shoots need light, roots need water and anchorage, and each grows accordingly.

This is also why a seed germinates correctly however it happens to fall in the soil. It does not need to be planted the right way up — gravity tells the root which way is down and the shoot which way is up.